Impulse für transformative Maßnahmen: von Ostrava bis Budapest und darüber hinaus mit nationalen Aktionsportfolios für Umwelt und Gesundheit: Policy Brief
Dieser Policy Brief wurde von Maike Voss und Franziska Matthies-Wiesler mit zusätzlicher wissenschaftlicher Unterstützung von Bea Albermann, Sophie Gepp, Maurice Remy, Nikolaus Mezger und Maike Bildhauer (Centre for Planetary Health Policy, Berlin) verfasst. Die Erarbeitung dieses Policy Briefs wurde vom Europäischen Zentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit der WHO koordiniert, wobei Dovile Adamonyte und Stephanie Sangalang fachliche Beiträge leisteten und das Konzept erstellten und Francesca Racioppi und Massimo Cozzone die Gesamtbewertung vornahmen. Die WHO bedankt sich für die Beiträge der Mitglieder der Europäischen Task Force Umwelt und Gesundheit. Außerdem dankt die WHO allen Mitgliedstaaten für die Bereitstellung von Informationen über ihre nationalen Aktionsportfolios für Umwelt und Gesundheit und für die Weitergabe ihrer Erfahrungen im Rahmen der Umfrage und der Interviews.
Die in diesem Policy Brief veröffentlichte Arbeit wurde mit Mitteln des deutschen Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit und der ungarischen Regierung unterstützt.
Key messages
This policy brief summarizes the results of an assessment of the implementation of the Ostrava Declaration commitment to develop National Portfolios of Actions on environment and Health (NPs). It presents recommended actions to guide policy- and decision-makers in Member States of the WHO European Region to develop and strengthen NPs. The key messages from the assessment are as follows:
- Member States have set their own priorities for environment and health policies and actions in accordance with the Ostrava Declaration, with some Member States including additional topics relevant for their country context (e.g. biodiversity loss).
- Countries predominantly use NPs to summarize and report existing environment and health policies and activities across sectors on a national level. NPs have the potential to be used as a tool for communication, for strategically planning future activities and decision-making, and for evaluation of progress towards national environment and health targets, especially when linked to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). NPs may support further consideration of environment and health issues in national legislation.
- NPs assist decision- and policy-makers in tracking implementation of existing policies and actions and thus provide an overview of progress towards national objectives and support prioritization related to environment and health issues. NPs can inform decision-makers as to where limited resources should be invested to achieve effective and timely action.
- Using NPs to guide the implementation of health and environment actions can support cross-sectoral coordination through collaboration and dialogue at national and local levels. Implementing NP actions effectively requires a cross-sectoral approach to evidence and research, capacity-building, implementation and review, at a local level. The NP can be used as a “health and environment in all policies” tool to coordinate with other sectors at all levels.
- Monitoring and evaluation of NP implementation can drive priority setting, as well as identify gaps and new topic areas (such as One Health and biodiversity loss) to be included when updating NPs.
- Policy-makers are encouraged to address challenges in NP development and implementation through, for example, advocating for consistent political support, mediating between ministries, setting up coordinating and monitoring mechanisms, and building capacity. To this end, active knowledge exchange and sharing of experiences and good practice examples are essential for an effective NP development, implementation and review process.
- The COVID-19 pandemic and the respective response measures disrupted the environment and health agenda. Shifts in political priorities, the transfer of human resources towards COVID-19 response teams and a high fluctuation of staff drew away attention and resources from environment and health action. Many Member States still face challenges in implementing interventions for a green and healthy recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic in line with WHO recommendations. In some instances, the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a better understanding of the significance of public health and the need for integrated approaches – such as One Health and Planetary Health – in policy- making, public communication, capacity-building and research.
- The NP development and implementation process carries strong potential to be used as a strategic planning instrument and as a tool to implement transformative action in environment and health on all levels. To make use of NPs’ full potential, they should be anchored in existing evidence and guidelines on environment and health action (e.g. WHO guidelines on air quality) and linked to the commitments of the forthcoming Budapest Declaration. Through cross-sectoral training and opportunities for exchange, capacities can be built and strengthened among national focal points, the health and environment workforce at ministries and youth representatives, to promote transformative action on environment and health.